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摘 要：八年級下冊unit1willpeoplehaverobots?詞匯（1）人民教育出版社1.fallv.comeorgodownfromforceofweight,lossofbalance,etc;drop;become落下；跌落；變成示例......
摘 要：八年級下冊unit1willpeoplehaverobots?詞匯（1）人民教育出版社1.fallv.comeorgodownfromforceofweight,lossofbalance,etc;drop;become落下；跌落；變成示例......
八年級下冊
Unit 1 Will people have robots? 詞匯（1）
人民教育出版社
1. fall v. come or go down from force of weight, loss of balance, etc; drop; become 落下；跌落；變成
示例
The book fell off the shelf. 這本書從架子上掉了下來。
用法
fall用作動詞時，主要有兩種用法。一種是作為實義動詞，可以和介詞或副詞搭配，表示“落下；跌落”，例如：I fell back in my chair. 我跌坐到自己的椅子上。另一種是作為系動詞，與形容詞連用，表示進入某種狀態(tài)，如：fall asleep 入睡（進入睡眠的狀態(tài)）。fall的動詞過去式是fallen。fall用作名詞時，表示“落下；降低”，例如：I sat listening to the fall of the rain on the roof. 我坐著聽雨點落在屋檐上的聲音。fall還可以表示“秋天”，與autumn意思相同。
詞匯擴展
常用搭配：fall asleep 入睡 fall behind 落后于（某人或某物）
fall down 跌落 fall in love with 喜愛；愛上
fall off 掉下 fall over 跌落；被絆倒
諺語：He who does not advance falls backward. 不進則退。
Pride goes before a fall. 驕兵必敗。
2. alone adv. Without any companions 獨自地；孤獨地
示例
I don‘t like going out alone after dark. 我不愿意天黑后獨自外出。
用法
解析along 和lonely：
（1）alone 既可用作形容詞，又可用作副詞，意思是“獨自的（地）；單獨的（地）”，側(cè)重于說明獨自一人，沒有同伴或助手。alone和on one‘s own，by oneself意思相近。alone用作形容詞時，一般與be 動詞連用，在句中作表語。例如：She is alone at home. 她獨自一人在家。alone 用作副詞修飾動詞時，放在動詞后面作狀語。例如：I like to work alone. 我喜歡獨自一人工作。alone 用作副詞時，也可作定語，意思是“只有；僅僅”，但必須置于它所修飾的名詞或代詞之后。例如：This year alone, we‘ve already planted ten thousand trees. 僅是今年，我們已經(jīng)載了一萬顆樹。
（2）lonely只用作形容詞，它在句中既可作定語，也可作表語，表示“孤獨的；寂寞的”。該詞帶有“孤寂”的感情色彩。用作定語時，意思為“孤單的；荒涼的；偏僻的”等。例如：That‘s a lonely island. 那是一個荒涼的島嶼。Lonely用作表語時，可以表示“孤寂的；寂寞的”。例如：I was alone but I didn‘t feel lonely. 我獨自一人，但我并不感到孤獨。
詞匯拓展
常用搭配：let / leave somebody / something alone 不干涉某人或某物；聽其自然
let alone 不管；不必考慮
諺語：An evil chance seldom comes alone. 禍不單行
3. dress v. put clothes on yourself or someone else 穿衣
示例
Is she old enough to dress herself yet? 她會自己穿衣服了嗎？
用法
dress還可以用作名詞，表示“女服；連衣裙；服裝”。例如：Mary wore a long red dress last evening. 瑪麗昨晚穿了件紅色的連衣長裙。
辨析dress，put on 和wear：
（1）用作動詞時，dress既可以表動作，也可以表狀態(tài)，常用人作賓語，意思是“……穿衣服”，例如：She is only a girl of three. She can‘t dress herself. 她只是一個三歲的女孩，她還不能自己穿衣服。需要注意的是，在表示“給自己穿衣”時，我們通常說dress oneself (= get dressed)；當(dāng)dress表示狀態(tài)時，一般要用be dressed in 結(jié)構(gòu)，例如：She was dressed in a red coat. 她穿著一件紅色的上衣。
（2）put on 意思是“穿（戴）上”，強調(diào)動作。例如：He put on his coat and went out. 他穿上大衣就出去了。
（3）wear意思是“穿（戴）著”，強調(diào)狀態(tài)。例如：Lucy‘s mother often wears a pair of glasses. 露西的母親常常戴著一副眼鏡。
詞匯擴展
常用搭配：dress (somebody) up (in something / as somebody or something) 化妝打扮
諺語：Eat to please myself, but dress to please others. 吃是使自己受用，穿是使別人受用。
Unit 1 Will people have robots? 詞匯（2）
人民教育出版社
1. unpleasant adj. not pleasant; not enjoyable 使人不愉快的；不合意的
示例
There is an unpleasant smell from this room. 這屋子里散發(fā)出一種難聞的氣味。
用法
unpleasant可以表示“令人不快的；討厭的”，例如：I found his manner very unpleasant. 我覺得他的態(tài)度討厭極了。
詞匯拓展
相關(guān)詞：unpleasantly adv. 厭惡地
反義詞：pleasant adj. 令人愉快的
記憶導(dǎo)航
unpleasant 是由pleasant 加上否定前綴un-構(gòu)成的。類似這種構(gòu)詞法的詞還有：able有能力的——unable沒有能力的；happy高興的——unhappy不高興的。
2. hundred n. the number 100; a very large number of things or people （一）百；許多（事物或人）
示例
The tree was probably a hundred years old. 這棵樹可能已經(jīng)有一百年了。
Hundreds of people attended the famous director‘s farewell concert. 好幾百人出席了這位著名指揮家的告別音樂會。
用法
hundred 用于數(shù)詞或含有數(shù)量意義的詞之后，一般不用復(fù)數(shù)形式，例如：three hundred, a few hundred 等。但當(dāng)hundred 表示“成百的；許多的”意思時，它面前不用具體數(shù)字，而常用hundreds of 結(jié)構(gòu)。注意hundred 在這個結(jié)構(gòu)中要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，前面可加some，a few，several等詞修飾。例如：Her coat cost hundreds of dollars. 她的大衣價值幾百美元。類似的搭配還有thousands of數(shù)以千計的；許多的，millions of 數(shù)以百萬計的；無數(shù)的。
詞匯拓展
諺語：One good head is better than a hundred strong hands. 上百雙有力的手，不如一個聰明的頭腦。
To hear a hundred times is not so good as to see once. 百聞不如一見。
3. such adj. of the same kind as the thing or person which has already been mentioned 這（那）樣的；這（那）種
示例
He noticed her necklace. Such jewels must have cost a lot, he thought. 他注意到了她的項鏈。他想，這樣的首飾肯定價格不菲。
用法
辨析such 和so：
（1）such 是形容詞，意思是“這（那）樣的；這（那）種；如此的”，修飾名詞。例如：I have never seen such a beautiful place before. 我從未見過這么美的地方。需要特別注意的是，such修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時，應(yīng)該按照如下詞序：such + a / an + 形容詞 + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。
（2）so是副詞，意思是“這（那）么；這（那）樣；如此地”，修飾形容詞、副詞和分詞。例如：I have never seen so beautiful a place before. 我從未見過這么美的地方。同樣，需要特別注意的是，so修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時，應(yīng)該按照如下詞序：so + 形容詞 + a / an + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。此外，當(dāng)名詞前有few，many，little，much等修飾詞時，要用so。例如：so many people，so few days，so much time，so little money等。
詞匯拓展
常用搭配：such as 例如 such and such 某某；這樣那樣的
諺語：There‘s no such thing as a free lunch. 世上沒有免費的午餐。
Unit 1 Will people have robots? 詞匯（3）
人民教育出版社
1. in prep. 在……之后（用于將來時）
in 100 years 在一百年后
People will have robots in their homes in 100 years.
一百年以后，人們家中會有機器人。
比較：after 在……之后（用于過去時，表示從過去某時間起一段時間之后）
He will come back in two hours. 他兩小時后會回來。
He came back after two hours. 他是兩小時后回來的。
2. less, fewer 比較少；more 比較多
less 是little 的比較級，修飾不可數(shù)名詞
fewer是few的比較級，修飾可數(shù)名詞
more 是much和many的比較級
much 修飾不可數(shù)名詞，many修飾可數(shù)名詞
I have less money than he has. 我的錢比他的少。
There are more building in this city than in that city.
這個城市的樓房比那個城市多。
3. fall in love with ... 愛上……
Last year I visited the art exhibition and fell in love with the work of Picasso.
去年我參觀了藝術(shù)展，愛上了畢加索的作品。
4. a kind of ... 一種；some kinds of ... 幾種
a kind of book 一種書
five kinds of flowers 五種花
many different kinds of goldfish 各種不同的金魚
（fish 單復(fù)數(shù)相同，此處是復(fù)數(shù)）
5. as well as 也；與too 同義
He likes this book and he likes that book, too. / He likes this book as well as that book. 他喜歡這本書，也喜歡那本書。
She can come here, too. / She can come here as well. 她也能來。
6. worth adj. 值……；值得……；相當(dāng)于……價值
This house is worth $10 000. 這個房子價值一萬美元。
be (well) worth doing sth. （很）值得做
That film is (well) worth seeing. 那部電影（很）值得看。
These books are worth reading twice. 這幾本書值得看兩遍。
7. knock down ... 擊倒，撞倒；拆除
knock down the pins 擊倒球柱
knock down the machine 拆除機器
knock 組成的詞語還有：
knock on (at) the door 敲門
knock into sb. 撞了某人
knock up 叫醒
Unit 1 Will people have robots? 詞匯（4）
人民教育出版社
1. prediction n. 預(yù)言，預(yù)測
predict v. predict + that 后接從句，如
The weather forecast predicts sunshine for tomorrow.
天氣預(yù)告說明天陽光明媚。
I predict that he will win.
我預(yù)測他會贏。
2. paper money
paper n. 紙，紙張，是不可數(shù)名詞，如a piece of paper。
paper money 中paper是名詞做定語，表材質(zhì)，只用單數(shù)。
newspaper n. 報紙，可數(shù)名詞
3. space n. 表示“宇宙，空間時”，不可數(shù)名詞；通常前面不用冠詞。
There are many stars in outer space.
在太空中有很多恒星。
Travel through space to other planets interests many people.
現(xiàn)在很多人對穿越太空去其他星球旅行感興趣。
4. besides prep. 除了……還；相當(dāng)于as well as, in addition to。如：
Besides basketball, he also plays soccer well.
除了打籃球以外，他踢足球也踢得很好。
All of us passed besides John.
除了約翰外，我們也都及格了。
I also went there besides Mary.
除了瑪麗我也去了。
Unit 1 Will people have robots? 語言要點
1. --- What do you think Sally will be in five years?
--- I think she‘ll be a doctor.
2. --- What do you think life will be like in 100 years?
--- Every home will have a robot.
3. --- Will kids go to school?
--- No, they won‘t. They‘ll study at home.
4. --- There will be fewer trees.
5. robot, credit card, leisure time, pollution, astronaut, apartment, rockets, space station, moon, fewer, less, fall in love with, World Cup, in the future, the same as, help with
Unit 1 Will people have robots? 學(xué)習(xí)目標
目標話題 | 表達個人主張和意見 | |
目標功能 | 學(xué)會表達對未來的預(yù)測和想法 | |
目標結(jié)構(gòu) | 1. 一般將來時will的用法 People will have robots in their rooms. There will be more population. 2. more, less和fewer用于表示數(shù)量的用法 more / fewer + countable nouns more / less + uncountable nouns | |
目標詞匯 | 核心詞 | robot, everything, paper, use, less, fewer, tree, building, space, fly, took, moon, fall, fell, alone, pet, probably, dress, which, even, wrote, myself, interview, future, came, company, thought, unpleasant, scientist, however, hundred, already, made, factory, simple, such, everywhere, human, shape, snake, huge, possible, electric, seem, impossible, housework |
拓展詞 | pollution, astronaut, rocket, space, suit, casually, predict, prediction, earthquake, sound, bored, toothbrush | |
認讀詞 | parrot, fiction, rating | |
詞組 | space station, fall in love with, go skating, be able to, come true, hundreds of, in the future, look for | |
目標文化 | 1. 對自己、他人以及環(huán)境的未來發(fā)展進行預(yù)測 2. 了解一些科學(xué)常識 | |
目標策略 | 鼓勵大膽而合理的預(yù)測；按時間順序描述事件 | |
Unit 2 What should I do? 詞匯（1）
人民教育出版社
1. play v. (a CD, CD-player, etc) to produce sound 用（唱片、唱機等）播放
示例
Can you play (me) her latest CD? 給我放放她最新錄制的唱片行嗎？
用法
play的基本意思是“玩；玩耍；游戲”。例如：Kids are playing in the yard. 孩子們在院子里玩耍。play還可以表示“參加比賽；同某人比賽”，后面接表示球類或棋牌類的名詞時，一般不用定冠詞。例如：play football / chess / cards 踢足球 / 下國際象棋 / 玩紙牌。當(dāng)play表示“演奏（樂器或音樂）”，后接表示樂器的名詞時，一般要用定冠詞。例如：play the violin / the piano / the flute演奏小提琴 / 鋼琴 / 笛子。play同時也可以作名詞，意思是“游戲；比賽；劇本”等。例如：She is in a play about a famous singer. 她在一出表現(xiàn)一位著名歌唱家的劇中擔(dān)任角色。
詞匯拓展
常用搭配：play with 和……玩耍
play a joke on somebody 開某人的玩笑
play an important part in 在……起重要作用
諺語：All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy; all play and no work makes Jack a mere boy. 只工作，不玩耍，聰明孩子要變傻；盡玩耍，不學(xué)習(xí)，聰明孩子沒出息。
He who plays with fire gets burned. 玩火者必自焚。
Lookers-on see more than players. 旁觀者清。
相關(guān)詞：player n. 做游戲的人；參賽者；表演者
playground n. 運動場；操場
playtime n. 游戲時間；娛樂時間
playmate n. 玩伴
2. surprise v. cause (somebody) to feel surprised 使（某人）吃驚
示例
Would it surprise you to know that I‘m thinking of resigning? 我正考慮辭職，你感到意外嗎？
用法
surprise用作動詞，是及物動詞，意思是“使驚訝”。如果需要突出受驚嚇的對象時，通常用“be surprised”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：She was surprised (by the man‘s experience). （那男人的經(jīng)歷使）她很吃驚。surprise還可以用作名詞，意思是“驚訝；吃驚”。例如：I didn‘t know my parents were coming --- it was a lovely surprise. 我不知道父母要來真是個驚喜。
詞匯拓展
相關(guān)詞：surprising adj. 令人驚訝的
surprisingly adv. 令人驚訝地
surprised adj. 感到驚訝的
3. either adj. one or the other of two 兩方中的任一方的；兩方中的每一方的
示例
You can park on either side of the street. 在街道的哪邊停車都可以。
用法
either在句中的成分比較靈活，可作主語、賓語或定語。例如：Either of the films is good. （作主語）兩部電影中哪部都不錯。He wrote to either of them. （作賓語）他給他們中的一個人寫了信。Either teacher often answers the questions. （作定語）這兩個老師都常常解答問題。either還可以表示“也不”，常用于否定句。例如：I don‘t like the yellow shirt, and I don‘t like the green one, either. 我既不喜歡這件黃色的襯衫，也不喜歡那件綠色的。常用的句型是：either ... or ...， 意思是“要么……要么……；不是……就是……”，例如：Either he could not come or he didn‘t want to. 他要么是不能來，要么是不想來。
Unit 2 What should I do? 詞匯（2）
人民教育出版社
1. fit v. be in agreement with (something); match or suit 與（某事物）相符；適合；適應(yīng)
示例
This dress fits you very well. 這件裙子你穿很合適。
用法
fit用作動詞時，意思是“適合；適應(yīng)；合身”。例如：I think it‘ll fit me quite well before long. 我想它很快就會合身的。fit用作形容詞時，意思是“適合的；能勝任的；健康的”，例如：The children seem to think that I‘m only fit for cooking and washing. 孩子們似乎認為我只適合洗衣做飯。He keeps himself fit by running five miles every day. 他每天跑5英里以保持身體健康。
詞匯拓展
常用搭配：be fit for ... 適合于……
fit somebody / something for ... 使……適合……
keep fit 保持健康
諺語：Every shoe fits not every foot. 不能以己度人。
2. send v. to arrange for something to go or be taken to another place, especially by post 發(fā)送；寄
示例
My aunt sent me a birthday gift from America. 我姑姑從美國給我寄來一份生日禮物。
用法
send是一個及物動詞，后面可以接雙賓語，可以用send somebody something或send something to somebody的結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：We sent him a letter. / We went a letter to him. 我們給他寄了一封信。
詞匯拓展
常用搭配：send for 派人去請 send out 發(fā)出；分派
諺語：God sends fortune to fools. 傻人有傻福。
相關(guān)詞：sender n. 發(fā)送人；投遞人
Unit 2 What should I do? 語言要點
1. --- What‘s wrong?
--- My brother plays his CD too loud.
2. --- What should I do?
--- Why don‘t you talk to him about it?
3. You should write him a letter.
4. --- Maybe he should say he‘s sorry.
--- They shouldn‘t argue.
5. argue, out of style, on the phone, summer camp, a part-time job, original, inexpensive, colorful, popular, upset, get on well, pressure
Unit 2 What should I do? 學(xué)習(xí)目標
目標話題 | 提建議 | |
目標功能 | 談?wù)搯栴}，提出建議 | |
目標結(jié)構(gòu) | 1. 情態(tài)動詞could / should 的用法 You could write him a letter. Then I think you should get a part-time job. 2. 用Why don‘t you ...? 結(jié)構(gòu)提出建議 A: My brother plays his CD too loud. What should I do? B: Why don‘t you talk to him about it? | |
目標詞匯 | 核心詞 | play, loud, argue, wrong, could, should, ticket, surprise, okay, either, bake, except, fail, get on, football, until, fit, possible, include, send, compare, crazy, themselves |
拓展詞 | style, part-time, haircut, upset, complain, adult | |
認讀詞 | tutor, original, pressure, pushy, organized | |
詞組 | keep out, call somebody up, on the phone, what‘s wrong, what‘s the matter, pay for, out of style, in style, the same as, as ... as, all kinds of, on the one hand, on the other hand | |
目標文化 | 1. 注意在不同的文化背景中如何恰當(dāng)表達贊同或不贊同的觀點 2. 注意心理健康問題 | |
目標策略 | 聽懂關(guān)鍵信息；合作學(xué)習(xí) | |
Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived? 詞匯（1）
人民教育出版社
1. land v. go, come from a ship, aircraft, etc. 靠岸；登陸
示例
The bird landed gracefully on the water. 小鳥優(yōu)雅地停在水面上。
用法點擊
land 用作動詞時，后面可接on，in，at等介詞表示具體時間或地點。例如：The plane landed safely at Tianhe Airport at 2 pm. 飛機于下午2點安全降落在天河機場。land 還可用作名詞，意思是“土地；陸地”。例如：She is glad to be on land again. 她很高興重登陸地。
詞匯拓展
諺語：Being on sea, sail; being on land, settle. 隨遇而安。
相關(guān)詞：mainland n. 大陸 motherland n. 祖國
homeland n. 祖國；家鄉(xiāng) landlady n. 女房東；老板娘
landlord n. 房東；地主 landmark n. 地標；里程碑
landslide n. 山崩 landscape n. 風(fēng)景；地形
2. while conj. During the time that; at the same time as 當(dāng)……時候；和……同時
示例
He was so tired that he fell asleep while he was doing his homework. 他是如此地疲倦以致于在寫作業(yè)時睡著了。
用法點擊
while 用作連詞時，意思是“當(dāng)……的時候”，表示兩個動作相伴隨而發(fā)生。例如：While she was typing, her brother was playing with a ball. 當(dāng)她在打字時，她弟弟正在玩球。while 還可以用于對同類的兩個動作進行對比，意思是“而”。例如：You like sports while I like reading. 你喜歡運動而我喜歡讀書。while 用作名詞時，意思是“一會兒”。例如：After a while, there came a strange noise. 過了一會兒，傳來一種奇怪的聲音。
3. around prep. & adv. about; not far away (in place or time) 大約；在……周圍
示例
The earth moves around the sun. 地球圍繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)。
用法點擊
around 既可以用作介詞，也可以用作副詞，意義上差別不大。如：He asked me to come here around the o‘clock. 他要我10點左右來。（用作介詞）She turned around at such a noise. 聽到這樣的吵鬧聲，她回頭看了看。（用作副詞）
辨析round 和around：
around 與round 通�？梢曰Q，只不過美式英語常用around，而英式英語常用round，例如：You can see the post office round / around that corner. 在那個角落附近你就可以看到郵局。它們的不同之處是：round可以用作形容詞、副詞、介詞、動詞、名詞；而around只能用作副詞或介詞。例如：He has a round face. 他有一張圓圓的臉。（用作形容詞）The river rounded the stones. 河水使石頭成了圓形。（用作動詞）
詞匯拓展
常用搭配：walk around 到處走
turn around 轉(zhuǎn)身（轉(zhuǎn)頭）
look around 環(huán)顧四周；東張西望
around the world 環(huán)球
Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived? 詞匯（2）
人民教育出版社
1. follow v. to go, walk, drive, etc. behind or after (someone else) 追隨；跟隨
示例
You go first and I‘ll follow you. 你先走，我隨后就來。
用法點擊
follow 常用的意思是“跟隨”。譯成漢語時要根據(jù)語境選用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~義，例如：He followed me into the shop. 他跟著我進了商店。Winter follows autumn. 冬去春來。You speak so fast that I cannot follow you. 你講得這么快，我都沒聽懂。（此句中follow = understand）
詞匯拓展
諺語：Pain is forgotten where gain follows. 好了傷疤忘了痛。
相關(guān)詞：follower n. 擁護者；追隨者
following n. & adj. & prep 接著（的）；下述（的）
2. shout v. speak or cry in a loud voice 呼喊；呼叫
示例
It‘s not polite to shout to people. 對人大聲說話是很不禮貌的。
用法點擊
shout 用作動詞時，表示喊叫，后可接介詞at，例如：She shouted at me but I paid no attention. 她沖著我嚷，但我一點兒也不予理睬。shout還可用作名詞，意思是“呼喊；叫喊聲”。例如：a shout of anger / pain氣憤/痛苦的叫喊
詞匯拓展
常用搭配：shout at somebody 對著某人喊叫
shout somebody down 用喊叫聲蓋過某人的聲音
shout something out 大聲說出
3. happen v. take place; come out 發(fā)生
示例
How did the accident happen? 事故是怎么發(fā)生的？
用法點擊
happen 還可以接動詞不定式（happen to do），表示“碰巧”的意思。例如：I happened to meet my primary school teacher in the street. 我碰巧在街上遇見了我的小學(xué)老師。
辨析happen 和take place：
（1）兩者都表示“發(fā)生”，happen表示偶然的沒有預(yù)料到的事情的發(fā)生，而take place 表示必然發(fā)生或經(jīng)過布置、策劃后進行的事情。例如：An accident happened in that street. 那條街上發(fā)生了一起事故。Great changes took place last year in my hometown. 去年我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了很大的變化。
（2）兩者都是短暫動詞，不能與表示一段時間的時間狀語連用。如：This happened / took place a year ago.（不能用for one year）這是一年前發(fā)生的。
（3）表示某人發(fā)生了什么事情要用something happen (s) to somebody，而不用take place。例如：What happened to her? 她出什么事了？
詞匯拓展
諺語：Accidents will happen. 天有不測風(fēng)云。
Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived? 學(xué)習(xí)目標
目標話題 | 有趣的故事 | |
目標功能 | 講述過去正在發(fā)生的事情 | |
目標結(jié)構(gòu) | 1. 過去進行時的結(jié)構(gòu)和用法 What were you doing at nine last Sunday morning? I was helping my mom do the cooking at six yesterday evening. 2. 由when / while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句 She was walking down the street when the UFO landed. While the girl was shopping, the alien got out. | |
目標詞匯 | 核心詞 | bathroom, bedroom, kitchen, buy, land, got, shirt, while, expensive, around, strange, follow, kid, cut, climb, jump, shout, ride, cat, ran, anywhere, met, happen, accident, plane, hear, modern, kill, murder, bright, playground, bell, ring, tell, close, silence, meaning, become, earth, hero, fly |
拓展詞 | barber, scared, recent, destroy, flight, amazing | |
認讀詞 | UFO, alien, terrorist, tragedy | |
詞組 | get out, take off, run away, come in, hear about, take place, as ... as ... | |
目標文化 | 培養(yǎng)科學(xué)探索精神 | |
目標策略 | 正確理解上下文的語境；通過角色扮演來學(xué)習(xí)語言 | |
Unit 4 He said I was hard-working. 詞匯（1）
人民教育出版社
1. ever adj. at any time up to the present; at all times 曾經(jīng)；永遠
示例
Have you ever been to Sydney? It‘s really a fantastic place. 你去過悉尼嗎？那的確是個好地方。
用法點擊
ever在疑問句中的意思是“曾經(jīng)；在這以前”，常用于現(xiàn)在完成時。例如：Have you ever been to Tibet? 你曾經(jīng)去過西藏嗎？ever在否定句中意思是“至今；不曾”。例如：I haven‘t ever read this book. 我至今未曾讀過這本書。
詞匯拓展
常用搭配：for ever 永遠 ever more 永遠 ever since 自從
Yours ever（可用于非正式書信署名前）你永遠的（朋友）
2. own adj. to give emphasis to the idea of personal possession 自己的
示例
I saw it with my own eyes, believe me! 我親眼看見的，相信我吧！
用法點擊
own 既可以作形容詞和代詞，意思是“自己的”，也可以作動詞，意思是“擁有”。例如：This car is mine. I own it. 這輛車是我的，我擁有它。（用作動詞）That‘s her own idea. 那是她自己的主意。（用作形容詞）Your day off is your own. 你的假日歸你自己支配。（用作代詞）
詞匯拓展
常用搭配：on one‘s won 單獨；獨自
諺語：It is an ill bird that fouls its own nest. 家丑不可外揚。
To pay a person in his own way. 以其人之道還治其人之身。
相關(guān)詞：owner n. 所有人；擁有者
3. suppose v. take it as a fact that; think 假定；認為
示例
Let us suppose that the news is true. What shall we do then? 就讓我們假設(shè)這個消息是真的，那么我們下一步該怎么辦呢？
用法點擊
suppose 常用于“be supposed to do”這一結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“被期望或要求；應(yīng)該；被許可”。例如：We are not supposed to play football on Sundays. 我們在星期天不允許踢球。suppose 和think，believe等詞一樣，如果后面接賓語從句并進行否定時，一般要在主句中的謂語動詞前加否定詞，也就是我們常說的“否定前置”。例如：I don‘t suppose he will be here on time. 我認為他不會準時到的。suppose還常用于句首，用來引導(dǎo)條件句。例如：Suppose you are free, what would you like to do? 假如你有空，你想做什么？“I suppose”這一結(jié)構(gòu)可做插入語，在句中位置較為靈活。例如：Prices will go up, I suppose. / I suppose prices will go up. / Prices, I suppose, will go up. 我覺得物價要上漲。
Unit 4 He said I was hard-working. 詞匯（2）
人民教育出版社
1. decision n. a choice or judgment that you make after period of discussion or thought 決定；判斷
示例
Have they reached a decision yet? 他們是否已經(jīng)有所決定？
用法點擊
與decision常連用的動詞是take 或make，例如：He is really bad at making decisions. 他確實不善決策。如果要強調(diào)在經(jīng)過協(xié)商后做出的決定，可用reach / come to a decision 這一結(jié)構(gòu)，例如：We must come to a decision by tomorrow about what to do next. 我們最晚明天必須做出決定，確定下一步做什么。
詞匯拓展
相關(guān)詞：decide v. 決定 decided adj. 確定的；堅決的
decisive adj. 決定性的
2. influence n. the power to affect the way someone or something develops, behaves, or thinks without using direct force or orders 影響；影響力
示例
Parents have been worried about the influence of western films and TV programs. 家長已經(jīng)開始擔(dān)心西方的影視劇帶來的不良影響。
用法點擊
influence 既可用作名詞又可用作動詞。作名詞時，常與on / over 連用。例如：What is the influence of television on children? 電視對兒童有什么影響？（用作名詞）Don‘t let me influence you either way. 你做任何決定都別受我的影響。（用作動詞）
3. danger n. the possibility that someone or something will be harmed, destroyed, or killed 危險
示例
Children‘s lives are in danger every time they cross this road. 孩子們每次過這條馬路都冒著生命危險。
用法點擊
danger用作名詞，可以表示“危險；危險的人或事”。例如：In war, a soldier‘s life is always full of danger. 在戰(zhàn)爭中士兵的生命總是處于危險之中。danger還常用在in danger 或out of danger 結(jié)構(gòu)中，表示“處在危險之中”或“脫離危險”。例如：I don‘t want to put you in danger. 我不想讓你身陷危險之中。The patient is now out of danger. 病人已經(jīng)脫離危險了。
詞匯拓展
常用搭配：in danger (of) 處于危險或困境之中
out of danger 脫離危險
諺語：A common danger causes common action. 同仇敵愾
Fear is often greater than the danger. 杞人憂天。
相關(guān)詞：dangerous adj. 有危險的；不安全的
Unit 4 He said I was hard-workding. 學(xué)習(xí)目標
目標話題 | 講故事 | |
目標功能 | 轉(zhuǎn)述他人的話 | |
目標結(jié)構(gòu) | 1. 間接引語 He said I was hard-working. 2. 用can 表示能力 I can speak three languages. | |
目標詞匯 | 核心詞 | ever, message, suppose, nervous, worst, true, lucky, copy, own, village, area, meter, thin, eat, decision, husband, start, influence, hometown, danger |
拓展詞 | mad, anymore, snack, hard-working, grandpa, envelop, luckily, semester, disappointing, hers, graduate, volunteer, rural, fortunately, dormitory, senior, border | |
認讀詞 | Greenpeace, UNICEF (= United Nations International Children‘s Emergency Fund), WWF (= World Wildlife Fund) | |
詞組 | direct speech, reported speech, first of all, pass on, be supposed to, do well in, in good health, report card, get over, the Ministry of Education, Chinese Young Pioneers, sea level, open up, care for | |
目標文化 | 1. 了解美國青少年的一些課外生活 2. 了解美國學(xué)生成績單的形式和內(nèi)容 | |
目標策略 | 聽懂關(guān)鍵詞；積極開展自我評價 | |
Unit 5 If you go to the party, you will have a great time! 學(xué)習(xí)目標
目標話題 | 做決定 | |
目標功能 | 談?wù)搶硎挚赡艿氖虑?br> | |
目標結(jié)構(gòu) | 1. 由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，描述將來可能發(fā)生或不會發(fā)生的事情 If it is fine tomorrow, we will go on a picnic. If the weather does not clear, we won‘t go for a walk. 2. 情態(tài)動詞should，用于提出要求或建議 You should ask them to come here on time. | |
目標詞匯 | 核心詞 | jeans, organize, cousin, agent, chance, charity, dream, injured, flower, against, sincerely, lawyer, tonight, mobile, clean-up |
拓展詞 | organization, nephew, agency | |
認讀詞 | professional, dining room, consequence, explain, strategy, improve, following | |
詞組 | take away, around the world, all the time, in order to, make a living | |
目標文化 | 美國人如何開派對 | |
目標策略 | 快速閱讀；根據(jù)條件推斷結(jié)果 | |
Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells? 學(xué)習(xí)目標
人民教育出版社
目標話題 | 興趣愛好 | |
目標功能 | 談?wù)撟瞿呈碌某掷m(xù)時間 | |
目標結(jié)構(gòu) | 用have / has + been doing 構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成進行時 A: How long have you been skating? B: I‘ve been skating since nine o‘clock. A: How long have you been collecting cans? B: I‘ve been doing that for two years. | |
目標詞匯 | 核心詞 | collect, skate, pair, since, raise, several, stamp, kite, anyone, store, cake, coin, been, capital, European, Russian, Australian, thousand, foreigner, quite, certain, miss |
拓展詞 | skater, shell, monster, globe, collector, common, extra, topic, writer, the Olympic Games, particularly | |
認讀詞 | marathon, Jewish, Jew | |
詞組 | run out of, by the way, be interested in, more than, far away | |
目標文化 | 奧林匹克的由來 | |
目標策略 | 合作學(xué)習(xí)；略讀技巧 | |
Unit 1 How do you study for a test? 學(xué)習(xí)目標
人民教育出版社
目標話題 | 學(xué)習(xí)方法 | |
目標功能 | 1. 聯(lián)系實際描述自己學(xué)習(xí)英語的方法 2. 能運用verb + by + v-ing 結(jié)構(gòu)談?wù)撛鯓訉W(xué)習(xí)并提供建議 | |
目標結(jié)構(gòu) | 1. 用verb + by + v-ing 結(jié)構(gòu)表述自己或他人的行為方式 A: How do you study for a test? B: Well, I study by working with my classmates. 2. 用What about ...? 和Why don‘t you ...? 結(jié)構(gòu)提出建議 What about listening to tapes? Why don‘t you read aloud to practice pronunciation? | |
目標詞匯 | 核心詞 | aloud, pronunciation, grammar, pronounce, mistake, afraid, complete, sentence, term, trouble, fast, soft, deal, unless, regard, duty, influence, friendship, lose, soldier |
拓展詞 | specific, spoken, challenge, realize, secret, impress, essay, unfair, speaker, disagreement, adult, memorize | |
認讀詞 | flashcard, vocabulary, differently, frustrate, frustrating, quickly, excited, slowly, comma, solution, learner, solve, easily, unimportant, psychologist | |
詞組 | not at all, end up, make mistakes, later on, be afraid to, take notes, look up, make up, deal with, be angry with, go by, try one‘s best, break off, laugh at | |
目標文化 | 了解美國設(shè)置中學(xué)的一些基本情況 | |
目標策略 | 鼓勵聯(lián)系實際的個性化的學(xué)習(xí)方式，并交流學(xué)習(xí)體會。 | |
Unit 2 I used to be afraid of the dark. 學(xué)習(xí)目標
人民教育出版社
目標話題 | 自己或他人的過去 | |
目標功能 | 能用所學(xué)句型談?wù)撨^去的人和事 | |
目標結(jié)構(gòu) | 用used to + 動詞原形結(jié)構(gòu)表示過去與現(xiàn)在的不用 You used to have long hair. You used to be outgoing, don‘t you? A: Did you use to have straight hair? B: Yes, I did. A: Did you use to play the piano? B: No, I didn‘t. | |
目標詞匯 | 核心詞 | airplane, candy, daily, death, afford, cause, himself, patient, decision, necessary, attention, waste |
拓展詞 | terrify, insect, chat | |
認讀詞 | chew, gum, comic, exactly | |
詞組 | used to, be interested in, be terrified of, go to sleep, in the end, make a decision, head teacher, to one‘s surprise, even though, no longer, take pride in, pay attention to, give up, not ... any more | |
目標文化 | 了解國外中學(xué)生學(xué)校生活的一些基本特點 | |
目標策略 | 培養(yǎng)積極健康的心態(tài)，并學(xué)會通過對比談?wù)撌挛锏陌l(fā)展和變化。 | |
Unit 3 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes. 學(xué)習(xí)目標
目標話題 | 規(guī)章制度 | |
目標功能 | 1. 談?wù)撛试S和不允許做的事情 2. 表達同意或者不同意并給出理由 | |
目標結(jié)構(gòu) | 用should (not) + be allowed to 談?wù)撛试S和不允許 A: I think students should be allowed to do homework with friends. B: I disagree. They talk instead of doing homework. A: Sixteen-year-olds should not be allowed to drive. B: I agree. They aren‘t serious enough at that age. | |
目標詞匯 | 核心詞 | license, silly, instead, study, present, member, sleepy, reply, importance, succeed, point |
拓展詞 | pierce, concentrate, design, volunteer, local, mess, obey, achieve | |
認讀詞 | earring, opportunity, newsletter, realistic | |
詞組 | instead of, stay up, concentrate on, at present, get in the way, care about | |
目標文化 | 了解美國學(xué)校的學(xué)生行為規(guī)范 | |
目標策略 | 1. 學(xué)會聽取要點 2. 了解和反思日常行為規(guī)范 | |
Unit 4 What would you do? 學(xué)習(xí)目標
人民教育出版社
目標話題 | 有趣的或令人為難的事 | |
目標功能 | 談?wù)摷僭O(shè)的或虛擬的情況 | |
目標結(jié)構(gòu) | 1. 用虛擬語氣來提出假設(shè)及用should來征詢意見 What would you do if you won a million dollars? I can‘t sleep the night before an exam. What should I do? 2. 用虛擬語氣和should來為他人提供建議 If I were you, I would take a long walk before going to bed. You should drink more water. | |
目標詞匯 | 核心詞 | medical, research, tie, worry, exam, herself, fairly, plenty, circle, rest, shelf, cover, deep, downstairs, correct, burn, knee, pain, hurt, safety, offer, refuse, helpful, treat |
拓展詞 | million, energetic, confident, permission, bother, slight, annoy, represent, aid, nearby, press | |
認讀詞 | pimple, first-aid | |
詞組 | plenty of, get along with, let ... down, come up with, come out | |
目標文化 | 了解一些心理個性測量方面的知識 | |
目標策略 | 1. 能根據(jù)情景想象進行發(fā)散性思維 2. 注意表達的邏輯性 | |
Unit 5 It must belong to Carla. 學(xué)習(xí)目標
目標話題 | 物品歸屬 | |
目標功能 | 能根據(jù)提供的相關(guān)信息進行合理的推論 | |
目標結(jié)構(gòu) | 使用must，might，could，can‘t 進行推論 The volleyball must be Carla‘s. She is the only one who plays volleyball. It can‘t be Tom. He went to Guangzhou just now. She might / could be having lunch at the school canteen. It is lunch time. | |
目標詞匯 | 核心詞 | picnic, possibly, drop, count, final, owner, sky, catch, unhappy, interview, noise, wind, neighbor, director, monkey, smell, finger, lift, stone, ant, dishonest |
拓展詞 | belong, author, symphony, appointment, algebra, anxious, worried, creature, extremely, garbage, escape, bark, pretend, attempt | |
認讀詞 | optometrist, chase, footstep, mystery | |
詞組 | belong to, use up | |
目標文化 | 了解弗洛伊德的《夢的解析》 | |
目標策略 | 1. 學(xué)會根據(jù)相關(guān)的信息進行推論 2. 學(xué)會根據(jù)一定的背景或前提進行預(yù)測或續(xù)寫 | |
Unit 6 I like music that I can dance to. 學(xué)習(xí)目標
人民教育出版社
目標話題 | 音樂 | |
目標功能 | 能流暢地談?wù)撟约旱南埠?br> | |
目標結(jié)構(gòu) | that和who 引導(dǎo)的定語從句 I prefer music that I can sing along with. The man who is talking to my mother is my teacher. | |
目標詞匯 | 核心詞 | heart, fisherman, photograph, interest, class, okay, whatever, miss, energy, honest, expect, sweet, taste, itself, laboratory, cancer, increase, risk, main, care |
拓展詞 | prefer, gentle, dislike, remind, string, sink, entertainment, gallery, photographer, suit, type, barbecue, biscuit, shock | |
認讀詞 | lyric, latest, feature, photography, display, pro, con, actually, fry, mainly, exclamation, tag, contraction | |
詞組 | to be honest, be bad for, stay away from, in agreement, remind of, on display | |
目標文化 | 了解一些音樂類型 | |
目標策略 | 分類匯總，角色扮演，闡述觀點。 | |
Unit 7 Where would you like to visit? 學(xué)習(xí)目標
人民教育出版社
目標話題 | 度假 | |
目標功能 | 討論想去旅游的地方，并學(xué)會介紹旅游景點。 | |
目標結(jié)構(gòu) | 1. 用would like to和hope to來表達愿望 I‘d like to visit somewhere interesting. I hope to travel around the world. Where would you like to visit this winter vacation? 2. 由where引導(dǎo)的定語從句 He likes to visit the village where he can see beautiful trees. | |
目標詞匯 | 核心詞 | educational, fall, lively, church, wine, translate, light, wonderful, provide |
拓展詞 | tiring, peaceful, fascinating, consider, convenient, underground, general, pack, spot | |
認讀詞 | thrilling, trek, jungle, touristy, firm, spotlight | |
詞組 | take it easy, in general, provide with, as soon as possible, come true | |
目標文化 | 了解世界各地的一些名勝古跡 | |
目標策略 | 角色扮演 | |
Unit 8 I‘ll help clean up the city parks. 學(xué)習(xí)目標
目標話題 | 志愿者服務(wù) | |
目標功能 | 提供幫助 | |
目標結(jié)構(gòu) | 掌握動詞短語： put off, hand out, call up, give away, run out of, clean up, take after, cheer up, set up, fix up, give out | |
目標詞匯 | 核心詞 | advertisement, fix, repair, pleasure, blind, deaf, shut, carry, specially, fetch |
拓展詞 | hunger, homeless, sign, cheer, major, similar, disabled, unable, organization, support, appreciate | |
認讀詞 | clean-up, establish, commitment, elementary, veterinarian, coach, strategy, donation, donate | |
詞組 | clean up, give out, put off, set up, think up, take after, fix up, give away, put up, hand out, work out, at once | |
目標文化 | 了解志愿者服務(wù) | |
目標策略 | 1. 學(xué)會做規(guī)劃。 2. 學(xué)會關(guān)注社會、關(guān)心他人。 | |
Unit 10 By the time I got outside, the bus had already left. 學(xué)習(xí)目標
目標話題 | 令人尷尬或令人難忘的事情 | |
目標功能 | 講述過去發(fā)生的事情 | |
目標結(jié)構(gòu) | 過去完成時（The Past Perfect Tense）的用法 A: What happened? B: I overslept. And by the time I got up, my brother had already gotten into the shower. | |
目標詞匯 | 核心詞 | rush, lock, fool, empty, describe, farmer, marry |
拓展詞 | oversleep, relative, exhausted, reveal, ending, girlfriend | |
認讀詞 | costume, embarrassed, announce, Mars, panic, authority, hoax, spaghetti, thrill, embarrassing | |
詞組 | by the time, go off, run off, on time, break down, show up, set off, get married, a piece of | |
目標文化 | 了解愚人節(jié)（April Fool‘s Day） | |
目標策略 | 學(xué)會給事情排序、分類。 | |
Unit 11 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are? 學(xué)習(xí)目標
目標話題 | 社交禮儀 | |
目標功能 | 1. 禮貌地向他人詢問信息 2. 描述地理位置，給他人指路或提供幫助 | |
目標結(jié)構(gòu) | 1. 用Could you please ...? 禮貌地向他人詢問 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are? 2. where，how和if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 Excuse me. Do you know where I can exchange money? Could you tell me how to get to the post office? Could you please tell me if there are any good museums in Newtown? | |
目標詞匯 | 核心詞 | restroom, safe, market, lend, park, wonder, trouble |
拓展詞 | department, magic, fresh, staff, alright, offend, structure | |
認讀詞 | shampoo, drugstore, escalator, block, oak, uncrowded, slide | |
詞組 | hang out, water slide, dress up, hand in | |
目標文化 | 了解習(xí)慣表達方式所傳遞的禮儀信息 | |
目標策略 | 1. 學(xué)會合作與交流 2. 初步了解語言表達中的禮儀 | |
Unit 12 You‘re supposed to shake hands. 學(xué)習(xí)目標
目標話題 | 風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣 | |
目標功能 | 1. 描述自己或他人在不用場合應(yīng)該做什么 2. 討論不同國家的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣，如初次見面的禮儀、餐桌禮儀等。 | |
目標結(jié)構(gòu) | 1. 用be supposed to表示被期待或被要求做某事 You were supposed to arrive at 7: 00. In Peru, you are not supposed to talk at the table. 2. 用should 表示應(yīng)該做某事 You should wipe your mouth with your napkin every time you take a drink. | |
目標詞匯 | 核心詞 | kiss, relaxed, land, pick, stick, point, full, spoon, knife, rubbish, form, mark, feeling, beside, e-mail, riddle, experiment, please, normally, seat, whose |
拓展詞 | shake, custom, bow, wipe, rude, manner, fork, toast, unfamiliar, crowd, seek, online, type, mostly, symbol, pronunciation, proper, queue | |
認讀詞 | napkin, lap, elbow, gradually, occur, particular compliment, chatline, emotion | |
詞組 | shake hands, drop by, after all, pick up, make noise, be / get used to, learn ... by oneself | |
目標文化 | 了解各國風(fēng)俗文化差異 | |
目標策略 | 1. 學(xué)會合作與交流 2. 學(xué)會比較不同文化的差異 | |
Unit 13 Rainy days make me sad. 學(xué)習(xí)目標
目標話題 | 情感態(tài)度 | |
目標功能 | 1. 談?wù)撌挛飳ψ约夯騽e人的影響 2. 學(xué)會比較、選擇對自己有影響的事物，并正確處理一些實際問題。 | |
目標結(jié)構(gòu) | 1. 用make somebody + adj. 表達“使某人……” Rainy days make me sad. Waiting for him in the rain made me annoyed. 2. 用make somebody do something 句型表示使某人做某事 Sad movies always make me cry. Had seats in fast-food restaurants make people eat fast and leave. | |
目標詞匯 | 核心詞 | scientific, pink, hard, serve, fair, shiny, list, lead, truth, schoolbag, purple, thought, count |
拓展詞 | therefore, lighting skin, product, beauty, advertising, aim, confuse, guilty, taste | |
認讀詞 | lagoon, campaign, endangered, slogan, mysterious, lookout, stardust, specifically, instance, mislead, home-made | |
詞組 | keep out, pros and cons, aim at, for instance, to start with | |
目標文化 | 了解廣告英語 | |
目標策略 | 通過英文廣告詞、海報等學(xué)習(xí)英語。 | |
Unit 14 Have you packed yet? 學(xué)習(xí)目標
目標話題 | 旅行度假 | |
目標功能 | 1. 談?wù)摶蛟儐栕罱呀?jīng)發(fā)生的事情 2. 了解外出旅行前的各種準備工作 | |
目標結(jié)構(gòu) | 用現(xiàn)在完成時來談?wù)摶蛟儐栕罱l(fā)生的事情 A: Have you packed the camera yet? B: No. I haven‘t packed it yet. Yes. I‘ve already put it in my suitcase. | |
目標詞匯 | 核心詞 | towel, water, wood, light, well, farm, anyway, ocean, hit, appear, poem, turn, government, thousands, southern, villager, strongly, purpose, step, forward |
拓展詞 | bathing, suit, refrigerator, garage, suitcase, wave, scene, cupboard, ancestor, homeland | |
認讀詞 | guidebook, chop, root, overseas | |
詞組 | clean out, some day, be off, so far, go for walks, thanks to, look forward to | |
目標文化 | 介紹美國中學(xué)生如何幫父母做家務(wù)，進行中西文化的比較。 | |
目標策略 | 1. 制作旅行所需物品的清單 2. 學(xué)會反思與調(diào)整計劃 | |
Unit 15 We are trying to save the manatees! 學(xué)習(xí)目標
目標話題 | 動物和環(huán)境保護 | |
目標功能 | 能夠運用所學(xué)的知識，談?wù)撊绾握葹l危動物和如何保護環(huán)境等，并針對某一問題展開辯論。 | |
目標結(jié)構(gòu) | 1. 復(fù)習(xí)各種時態(tài) 2. 用動詞think，believe，agree，disagree等來表達自己的觀點 I think that animals should not live in zoos. I disagree with you. I feel that zoos provide clean and safe places for endangered animals to live. | |
目標詞匯 | 核心詞 | weigh, pound, discover, pull, planet, society, spare, model, raise |
拓展詞 | aggressive, gray, suitable, tiny, cage, educate, expression, recycle, glue, roof, fence, can | |
認讀詞 | manatee, furry, enormous, playful, spotted, kangaroo, chimpanzee, cheetah, mangrove, swamp, habitat, aquatic, underwater, vegetation, polluted, infinitive, passive, disgusted, urge, stuff, tile, discard, recently, inspiration | |
詞組 | care for | |
目標文化 | 了解有關(guān)瀕臨滅絕的動物的一些知識 | |
目標策略 | 學(xué)會通過各種媒體搜索信息，并學(xué)會分類。 | |
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